高中英语阅读技巧培养

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communicate ideas
B. images which have no meaning are used
C. we can never understand the real meaning
D. only specially trained people can understand them
　
B
Language learning begins with listening. Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking, and later starters are often long listeners .Most children will“obey”spoken instructions some time before they can speak, though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child .Before they can speak, many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties. It is agreed that they enjoy making noises, and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight, pain, friendliness, and so on. But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate ,they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language. It is agreed, too, that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment, and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store. This self-imitation（模仿）leads on to deliberate（有意的）imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people. The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
It is a problem we need to get out teeth into. The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world .Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father, his dog, or anything else he likes. Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself, I doubt, however whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds . www.16qiuxue.com 　

　We can make mistakes at any age. Some mistakes we make are about money. but most mistakes are about people. "Did Jerry really care when I broke up with Helen?" "When I got that great job, did Jim, as a friend, really feel good about it? Or did he envy my luck?" "And was Paul friendly just because I had a car?" When we look back, doubts like these can make us feel bad.
　　But when we look back, it is too late.
　　Why do we go wrong about our friends, or our enemies? Sometimes what people say hides their real meanings. And if we do not really listen, we miss the feeling behind the words. Suppose someone tells you, "You're a lucky dog!"(你真幸运!) Is he really on your side? If he says, "You're a lucky guy(人，家伙)!", that is being friendly. But "a lucky dog?" There is a bit of envy in those words. What he may be saying is that he does not think you deserve your luck.
　　"Just think of all the things you have to be thankful for" is another phrase that says one thing and means another. It could mean that the speaker is trying to get you to see your problem. But this phrase contains the thought that your problem is not at all important.
　　How can you tell the real meaning behind someone's words? One way is to take a good look at the person talking. Do his words fit the way he looks? Is what he says shown by the tone of voice? The look in his eyes? Stop and think. The minute you spend thinking about the real meaning of what people say to you may save your another mistake.
　　1.When the writer recalls(回想) some of the things that happened between him and his friends, he _______.
　　A.feels happy, thinking how nice his friends were to him
　　B.feels he might not have understood his friends' true feelings
　　C.think it a mistake to have broken up with his girl friend
　　D.is sorry that his friends let him down
　　2.When the writer talks about someone saying, "You're a lucky dog!", he is saying that ______.
　　A.the speaker is just friendly
　　B.this sentence suggests the same as "You're a lucky guy!"
　　C.the word "dog" should not be used to apply to people
　　D.sometimes the words show that the speaker is a bit envious
　　3.This passage tries to tell you how to ______.
　　A.avoid(避免) mistakes about money and friends
　　B.get an idea of friendly people
　　C.avoid mistakes in understanding what people tell you
　　D.keep people friendly without trusting them
　　4.The writer suggests that ______ be trusted.
　　A.everybody B.nobody C.all the people D.not all the people

                                                 （B）
　　The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card(信用卡) fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal Web site(网站). Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never
　　receive the goods they thought they bought.
　　The thieves then go shopping with your card number----or sell the information over the Internet.
　　Computers hackers(黑客) have broken down security(安全) systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago, 25 000 customers of CD Universe, an on-line music retailer(批发商), were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157 828 to get back the information.
　　Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud. Mastercard is working on plans for Web-only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on-line.
　　However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.
　　Ask about your credit-card firm's on-line rules: Under British law, cardholders are responsible(对…负有责任的) for the first US $78 of any fraudulent spending.
　　And shop only at secure sites: Send your credit-card information only if the Web site offers advanced secure system.

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，高中英语阅读技巧培养